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Colpitides

What is this?

Colpitis is a common inflammatory condition in the vagina and the general lower genital area of the woman which is due to an imbalance of the vaginal flora that favors infections, irritants, or hormonal disruption.

Colpitides | Biopathology Diagnostic Center – Athens | Check Up Medicus | Checkup – Blood tests – EOPYY.

INDICATIONS – SIGNIFICANCE

Colpitis are often asymptomatic. In case of they present symptoms, these may be:

  1. Unexpected secretions with a peculiar - unpleasant smell
  2. Burning feeling during urination
  3. Itching or redness in the external urogenital area
  4. Discomfort or pain during or after intercourse

Factors that favor colpitis are:

  1. Use of antibiotics, contraceptives
  2. Pregnancy
  3. Frequent vaginal washing (especially with soaps that disturb the pH)
  4. Systemic diseases (diabetes, dermatitis, autoimmune)
  5. Poor sanitation
  6. Smoking
  7. Psychological or physical stress

90% of cases are caused by:

Common bacterial infections: Gardnerella vaginalis and Mycoplasma hominins. Bbacterial infection which can be caused by a combination of bacteria. Their overgrowth is caused by an imbalance of the vaginal flora. It is not sexually transmitted, but usually occurs in sexually active women. A number of 50%, are asymptomatic, while in the remaining cases the symptoms are abnormal secretions, a fishy smell, especially after sexual intercourse, pain during urination, tingling, and dry vagina.

Candida infections: Candida normally lives in small colonies in the vagina as well as in the mouth and gastrointestinal tract of men and women. Pathological fungal infections cause stinging and redness and are usually not sexually transmitted. They are common after taking antibiotics, in cases of uncontrolled diabetes, pregnancy and taking contraceptives. They can also be presented in hormonal disorders, thyroid diseases, taking corticosteroids, and immune disorders. They are treated with the appropriate treatment, which is indicated by the antimycotic chart, and the medicines can be with intravaginal suppositories or oral treatment.

Trichomonas (Trichomonas vaginalis): It is a sexually transmitted parasite. The infection can be asymptomatic, but it can also cause frothy, greenish-yellow secretions with a bad smell, stinging, a burning sensation during urinating, a bad feeling in the lower abdominal area, and pain in the vagina during sexual intercourse. Symptoms become more intense after menstruation.

Less commonly, colpitis can be caused by:

  1. Allergic reaction or irritation to chemicals in creams, sprays, and from specific fabrics
  2. Atrophic vaginitis presents in menopause due to a decrease in estrogen and normal vaginal secretions
  3. Hormonal disorders

Colpitis can rarely develop from sexually transmitted diseases:

  1. Chlamydia are sexually transmitted parasites that are mostly asymptomatic.
  2. Genital herpes (HSV II) is sexually transmitted and has painful symptoms.
  3. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is sexually transmitted and is responsible for the creation of warts.
  4. Gonorrhea
  5. HIV infection

LABORATORY CHECK

The analyzes that are done preventively to detect vaginal infections are:

Direct microscopic examination of vaginal fluids to assess vaginal flora and physiology

  • Cultivation for aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms and antibiogram.
  1. Chlamydia culture : Ιmmediate detection of the parasite in vaginal fluids
  2. HSV II IgG / IgM Indirect detection of antibodies against genital herpes in blood
  3. HPV by DNA analysis: Direct subtype group detection – virus typing in vaginal fluids
  4. Gonorrea
  5. HIV Ag-Abs

Information selected - indicative with sources: Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests - J.Wallach and https://labtestsonline.org

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Edited by : Ioannis Grattisia Head of Laboratory / MSc Clinical Biochemistry - Molecular Biology

2022 - 2023

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