WHAT IS It?
It is a set of metabolic disorders resulting from high blood sugar levels over a long period.
Diabetes is divided into two categories:
- Type 1 – occurs at a younger age due to loss of the ability to produce insulin
- Type 2 – occurs at an older age due to insulin resistance and affects approximately 9% of the general population, mainly due to obesity and lack of exercise
A separate category is gestational diabetes, which is transient and does not cause organ damage as it is short-lived. However, it is monitored for the safety of the pregnancy and the development of the fetus.
INDICATIONS AND IMPACTS
The main indications of diabetes are:
- Polyuria – Polydipsia
- Constant hunger
Elevated blood sugar levels have a long-term damaging effect on the entire vascular system of the body. The most serious side effects of poorly controlled diabetes are:
- Nephropathy
- Vision loss
- Ulcers on the lower limbs
.
LABORATORY TESTING
The purpose of further tests is to determine the successful management of diabetes for the safety of the body from type I & II
These tests include:
The Basic Check-Up
It is checked whether diabetes has adversely affected the kidneys, liver, or the body’s metabolism and whether it has caused inflammation.
| ANALYSIS / TESTING | / SCANNING : |
|---|---|
| General blood count / CBC blood count | Measurements in Hematocrit – Red Blood Cell – White Blood Cell – Platelets and examination of their morphology. Detection of mainly Anemia, Inflammation, Infections, Marrow Dysplasia. Indications – effect of chronic diseases – conditions |
| Settling velocity TCE/ESR | |
| C-reactive protein High sensitivity CRP-hs | Short-term central as well as local inflammation, cardiovascular risk consideration of endovascular inflammation |
| Fasting sugar / two-hour Glu | Diabetes mellitus / predisposition to diabetes |
| Urea Urea | Kidney function |
| Creatinine Cr | |
| Uric acid UA | Arthritis, eating disorders |
| Cholesterol Total Chol | The amount and ratio of blood lipids as – a key indicator of long-term cardiovascular risk – an indicator of metabolic profile |
| Cholesterol HDL | |
| LDL cholesterol | |
| Triglycerides Tgl | |
| Atherotic index | |
| γ-glutaminotransferase γ-GT | Liver function, possible liver irritation from chemical agents or infections |
| Transaminases ALT & AST | |
| General urine | Pathology and infections in kidneys and bladder |
Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1-c)
The test shows the average blood sugar levels for the past 45 days. Based on this, the effectiveness of diabetes treatment is evaluated.
24-hour Urine Microalbumin (Alb-U-24h)
It checks the kidney health in diabetic patients, having particular prognostic value for potential damage due to elevated blood sugar levels.
Creatinine Clearance (crea – clearance)
It is the best measure for evaluating effective kidney function with much greater sensitivity compared to classic urea and creatinine tests.
Electrolytes (Na+ / K+)
They are the main salts of the body, their concentration being regulated by the kidneys. Diabetic medications that can be combined with other treatments may disrupt electrolytes with very serious consequences, mainly for heart function.
General urine cultivation
The purpose of the analyses is to further check kidney health and mainly to exclude the presence of a possible asymptomatic urinary tract infection. Urinary tract infections in diabetic individuals are common, as sugar exits in the urine, creating a favorable environment for bacterial growth.
OPTIONAL ADDITIONAL SCREENING BLOOD TEST
The following tests are recommended based on age criteria, social habits, personal – family medical history.
Fructosamine
Checks the average blood sugar levels over the last 5 days. It is used for:
- gestational diabetes
- immediate evaluation of the effectiveness of changes in the therapeutic shape
- in cases of hemoglobin types where glycosylated hemoglobin cannot be used
Vitamin B12
Vitamin levels are checked, which have a neuroprotective effect against diabetic neuropathy.
PREVENTION IMAGING TESTS
The following tests are done based on criteria – age assessment and personal – family history
- Upper – Lower Abdominal Ultrasound
- Triplex of the heart – carotids – lower limbs
- it is obligatory to take a meal the night before.
- the last meal should be taken up to 11-12 hours before the blood draw.
- the evening meal should have as little animal fat as possible (if it contains cheese, fatty dairy products and meat).
- in the morning no meal is taken, only coffee and a breadcrumb, with free consumption of water.
- collected in the early mornings.
- local washing with plenty of water, without soap.
- the first urine of the urination is discarded and a small amount of the middle urine is collected in a special urine collector.
For 24-hour urine collection:
- συγκεντρώνονται ΟΛΑ τα ούρα κατά την διάρκεια ενός 24 ώρου, εντός κατάλληλου δοχείου/ων που μπορείτε να προμηθευτείτε από το φαρμακείο.
- No special preservation is needed during collection, but in summer it is advisable to keep the container in the refrigerator.
- Results are given within a day
- For faster receipt, it is recommended to send the results by email
- EOPYY The individual examinations are prescribed and charged according to the referral
- PRIVATE CHARGE Special period price at 79 euros (originally 157 euros)
- Additional charges apply for the optional fructosamine and B12 analyses
Selected information from sources:
- MayoClinic.org
- Labtestsonline.org
- Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests – J.Wallach
Personalized check-up considers multiple parameters of personal and family history.
Depending on the case, the selection of tests may require some that are not mentioned on this page.
The exact selection is the responsibility of your attending physician.
Edited by: Ioannis Gratsias, Lab Director / Clinical Biochemist
e – Booking via Doctor Anytime at: Cardiologist – Neurologist– Diagnostic Tests
Informative Blogs: checkup.com.gr – nosileftis24.gr– syntagografisis.gr – testcovid.gr
Biopathology Diagnostic Center – Athens | Medical Center Check Up Medicus | Checkup – Allergy Test – Blood Tests – Prices – Cost – Covid-19 Test | EOPYY.
Panormou Diagnostic Center 40, Ampelokipoi | Diagnostic Center Alexandra Avenue 110 | Diagnostic Center Prykiponnision 24, Gyzi Polygono Kypseli
At Check-Up Medicus you can come for a blood draw without an appointment
Type I & II Diabetes CheckUp
Type I and II diabetes is a serious chronic disease that affects how the body regulates blood glucose levels. While the two types of diabetes may differ in their causes and reasons, both require careful monitoring and management. The checkup for Type I & II diabetes includes a series of tests and examinations to monitor the disease’s status and assess risk factors.
Health attention is critical for diabetic patients, as poor management of the disease can have serious health consequences. The Type I & II Diabetes CheckUp usually includes the following tests and examinations:
-
Blood Glucose Level Measurement (A1c): This test measures the average three-month period of blood glucose levels, providing an overview of how diabetes has been controlled during this period.
-
Blood Pressure Measurement: High blood pressure can worsen the effects of diabetes on health, so monitoring it is important.
-
Weight and Body Fat Evaluation: Diabetes is often associated with obesity, so monitoring weight and body fat is important for disease management.
-
Cholesterol Monitoring: High cholesterol levels can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, one of the main accompanying problems of diabetes.
-
Kidney Function Test: Diabetes can affect kidney function, so assessing kidney function is important.
-
Vision Check Tests: Diabetes can affect vision, so monitoring vision is important.
The results of these tests and examinations can help the doctor better understand the patient’s condition and design a customized management plan. This may include advice on dietary changes, exercises, medication, or other suggestions to help manage diabetes.
Type I & II Diabetes CheckUp
Type I & II Diabetes – Monitoring
