WHAT IS.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome PCOS is a condition that affects women and is associated with hormonal imbalances. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the main causes of infertility in women, but also a factor in general gynaecological problems. It affects 5-10% of women from adolescence onwards, and is the most common gynaecological disorder.
INDICATIONS – MEANING
The criterion for diagnosis is the combination of at least two of the following:
- Overproduction of androgenic hormones
- No egg production
- Ultrasound image with cysts in the ovaries (not a mandatory finding)
It is usually expressed as:
- unexpected hair growth on chest, abdomen and face
- unstable – problematic period cycle
- pains in the genital area
- weight gain (mainly in the abdomen area)
- skin disorders
- voice alteration (baritone)
- fine hair, male pattern scalp loss
Laboratory evidence can be seen by an imbalance in multiple hormonal levels, with the most common being androgen overproduction.
Early diagnosis and effective treatment of MSDs minimizes the risks of:
- infertility
- diabetes
- hypertension
- apnea
- cardiovascular disease
- in pregnancy, pallid pregnancy, pre-eclampsia
- endometrial cancer
LABORATORY TESTING
The analyses we carry out are done by selection, among the hormones:
LH – FSH, ratio of LH/FSH hormones:
LH – FSH, ratio of LH/FSH hormones: in IBS it increases from 1:1 to 2:1, up to 3:1 and for many it is a diagnostic criterion for the disease.
Prolactin (PRL) :
Prolactin (PRL): elevated levels of PRL may be associated with GERD
Total testosterone (testo):
Total testosterone (testo): found elevated in most most cases of MS.
Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S):
Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S): in the case of IBS, an average increase in its value is expected. This test is also used to assess possible adrenal hyperfunction.
Androstenedione (D-4):
Androstenedione (D-4): controlled as an independent androgen, indirectly assessing possible adrenal hyperfunction.
Estrogen (E2):
Estrogen (E2): may be normal or lower than expected and measuring it helps us to assess ovarian function.
SHBG (follicle-binding protein):
SHBG (folate-binding protein): in the case of GERD it may be found to be reduced.
β-chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG):
β-chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG): measured to check for possible pregnancy, as disturbed cycles and delays in menstruation are often symptoms of IUDs.
Anti-Mullerian:
Anti-Mullerian
Additional analyses can be used to detect complications from the CPO, with the main ones being :
Lipid profile:
Lipid profile: often found to be disturbed with low HDL, high LDL, and significant changes in total cholesterol and triglycerides.
Fasting glucose, glucose tolerance test:
Fasting glucose, glucose tolerance test: can highlight possible poor regulation of carbohydrate metabolism.
Insulin (ins):
Insulin (ins): often found elevated. Its regulation is necessary because increased insulin levels can lead to glucose tolerance.
To exclude situations with similar indications, it is useful to use :
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): ( thyroid disorders )
- Cortisol: ( adrenal hyperplasia – Cushing’s)
- 17 OH progesterone: ( adrenal hyperplasia )
- IGF-1: (overproduction of growth hormones – acromegaly)
- Hydrocarbon antigen 125 / CA 125: ( neoplasia / ovarian inflammation – endometriosis )
PREPARATION
Your tests with analytical systems and reagents top quality SIEMENS-USA BECMAN COULTER-USA
For the morning blood draw and
examination, it is proposed :
For laboratory testing, a simple blood test is required.
The shot should be taken between the 2nd and 5th day of the cycle ( if there is one )
No preparation or diet is required, and blood can be drawn at any time of the day
HOPE
The blood collection can be performed at any time of the day (laboratory hours 7.30 am – 7.30 pm).
TIME OF RESULTS
Results are given within 3 days.
COSTING
The laboratory tests are prescribed to the EOPYY (except Anti-Mullerian), with the participation of the patient as specified in the prescription (15%, unless otherwise stated)
Private costs for:
- Basic hormonal package with LH, FSH, PRL, E2, TESTO measurement is 87 euros – 25% discount = 62,25 euros.
- Anti-Mullerian hormone 45 euros.
- Package of STD blocking analyses with TSH, Cortisol, IGF-1, 17 OH PRG, CA-125 is 105 euros -25% package discount = 78,75 euros.
Selected information from sources:
- MayoClinic.org
- Labtestsonline.org
- Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests – J.Wallach
The personalization of the check-up takes into account multiple parameters of personal and family history.
Depending on the case, the selection of tests may require some that are not mentioned on this page.
The exact selection is the responsibility of your attending physician.
Edited by: Ioannis Gratsias, Lab Director / Clinical Biochemist
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Appointment
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Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome PCOS Checkup
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects female health and fertility. It is characterised by the presence of multiple ovarian cysts, imbalance in hormone levels and is often accompanied by symptoms such as failure or absence of pregnancy, hypergonality, overweight and periods that are irregular.
Diagnosis of PCOS syndrome can be made through a comprehensive check-up that includes a clinical examination, blood tests for hormone levels and ovarian ultrasound to detect cysts. The passive voice is commonly used to describe the diagnosis process and the potential impact of the disorder on patients’ daily lives.
Management of PCOS syndrome usually involves a combination of dietary changes, exercise and drug therapy. Women with PCOS may need individual diet plans and exercise programmes aimed at improving their wellbeing and reducing the symptoms of PCOS.
Controlling PCOS is important to prevent potential complications such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle adjustments, regular monitoring by qualified doctors and compliance with treatment guidelines can help manage PCOS and improve the quality of life of patients.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome PCOS